Services
Swimmer’s Itch Assessment and Prevention
Building on our discoveries spanning 40+ years, we now have tools and techniques that can quickly and accurately assess the itch-causing parasite community in a lake ecosystem. Not only do we use more conventional methods for determining the snail community structure, we also use quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to not only assess severity but to also assess species composition using species-specific qPCR assays we developed and published. We also sequence DNA from the larvae found in waterfowl excrement (miracidia) to determine definitive host infection levels. These methods, along with general surveys, provide an unmatched analysis of the problem so that appropriate prevention strategies can be implemented.
Enteric Bacteria Assessment
Outdated, non-functioning, and/or overused septic systems found around lakes and streams can contribute unwanted and potentially harmful human enteric bacteria and excess nutrients into our waterways which can increase the rate of eutrophication, encourage harmful algal blooms, and generally make swim areas less desirable. Using state-of-the-art quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technologies, we continue to discover new ways to monitor septic system contributions that are faster and more definitive.
Shoreline Survey Analysis
Poor shoreline management by public and private landowners is now recognized as the major contributor to a decrease in water quality for lakes and streams. Most riparians do not intentionally do harm to their waterfront, but simply are not educated about the negative effects of their practices. Working with Zero Gravity Aerial, LLC, we assess drone footage of entire lake shorelines and create user-friendly data and files lake associations can use to assess and set goals for shoreline improvement. Lake associations who have used this service have found the information promotes immediate goal setting and positive action for healthier shorelines. In fact, the State of Michigan has recently approved our methods and created a QAPP (Quality Assurance Project Plan) for all Approved Watershed Management Plans utilizing them.
Lake Biologist Training, Consultation, Collaboration
The most progressive lake associations hire a full- or part-time lake biologist to manage and direct projects unique to their lake. There are often people within the local community who have interest and time to devote to these endeavors. However, sometimes the lake biologist feels inadequate or under trained to direct water quality projects. In addition, the lake biologist often feels isolated from others in the region. FWS can provide valuable direction for lake associations so that limited funds are best spent to make discoveries at a level that passes peer review in the scientific world. By connecting with the greater scientific community through training, consultation, and collaboration with FWS, local lake association biologists tap into a much greater community of people working towards common goals.
SCUBA Diving
We have had SCUBA certification since 1979 and just completed recertification in 2022 so that we can participate in projects requiring time underwater. Much of our current work involves aquatic invasive species assessment, eradication, and control. By combining aerial drone technologies with underwater diving and videography, FWS can offer unique services that match the needs of individual lakes
Phytoplankton Assessment
Phytoplankton form the foundation of all aquatic ecosystems and are essential for proper energy flow through the system. A balanced system consistent from year to year helps preserve water quality. Disruptions within the algal community can be the first indication that negative factors are working to upset the intricate balance. We have the knowledge and expertise at FWS to conduct important and comprehensive surveys of this important lake component.
Aquatic Plant Surveys
Aquatic vascular plants (and macro-algae) are essential for properly functioning aquatic systems. They stabilize near-shore substrates, provide food and protection for animals, act as buffers to wave action that can increase erosion, and contribute to the overall diversity of aquatic systems. Invasive species often disrupt the natural balance of aquatic vascular plants and create environments less inviting to animals and humans for various water recreations. FWS continues to develop state-of-the-art technologies for accurate and comprehensive assessment of aquatic plant communities using aerial drone videography, SCUBA, and underwater videography. FWS technologies provide archivable data that can be comparatively analyzed for decades to come.